CBSE Relevance:
This content is highly relevant for Political Science (foreign policy, diplomacy, strategic autonomy), Geography (border disputes like LAC, international trade corridors like IMEC), Economics (FDI, EU-India trade, Carbon Tax), and Current Affairs (international groupings like SCO, India's multi-alignment strategy).
It helps students understand India’s global diplomatic positioning, response to security threats, economic diplomacy, and the shift towards values-based international partnerships.
It helps students understand India’s global diplomatic positioning, response to security threats, economic diplomacy, and the shift towards values-based international partnerships.
Tags: India foreign policy, Jaishankar diplomacy, LAC tensions, SCO anti-terror, EU trade ties, multi-alignment, carbon tax, IMEC corridor, Raisina Dialogue, global south, strategic autonomy, Indo-China talks, Indo-Europe vision, middle powers alliance
🇮🇳 India-China Talks on Border and Ties
Location: Beijing | Date: Monday | Source: Suhasini Haidar, The Hindu
Key Participants
S. Jaishankar (India’s External Affairs Minister)
Wang Yi (Chinese Foreign Minister)
Han Zheng (Chinese Vice-President)
Visit Context
Jaishankar’s first China visit since 2019
First visit since Galwan clashes (2020)
Border Issue: LAC De-escalation
Need to move forward on de-escalation at LAC
Disengagement done 9 months ago, but troops not withdrawn
"Other border aspects must be addressed" – Jaishankar
Trade & People Ties
Urged to normalise people-to-people relations
Opposed restrictive trade measures (e.g., Chinese curbs on critical minerals)
Terrorism & Regional Security
SCO must adopt zero tolerance towards terrorism
Current Status & Outlook
Good progress noted in last 9 months (border friction reduced)
Jaishankar: Continued normalisation will bring mutually beneficial outcomes
India and Europe: Strategic Alignment
1. Importance of Renewed Relations
India-Europe ties are rooted in history and have present-day global relevance.
Current global instability pushes both to engage more deeply.
Modi’s G-7 visit and Jaishankar’s outreach reflect India’s focus on Europe.
India-Europe ties are rooted in history and have present-day global relevance.
Current global instability pushes both to engage more deeply.
Modi’s G-7 visit and Jaishankar’s outreach reflect India’s focus on Europe.
2. Europe’s Strategic Shift
U.S. under Trump weakened traditional alliances like NATO.
Europe is now rethinking its role and looking eastward.
U.S. under Trump weakened traditional alliances like NATO.
Europe is now rethinking its role and looking eastward.
Examples:
Canada seeks ties beyond U.S., including India.
UK reconnects with Europe post-Brexit.
Germany increases defence spending.
Strategic autonomy, once a French idea, is now shared by Berlin, Warsaw, Brussels.
3. India’s Multi-Alignment Approach
India moves from non-alignment to “multi-alignment” to balance U.S.-China rivalry.
India and Europe support a multipolar, lawful, inclusive world.
India moves from non-alignment to “multi-alignment” to balance U.S.-China rivalry.
India and Europe support a multipolar, lawful, inclusive world.
Two Levels of Engagement:
Institutional – EU-India cooperation on trade, tech, climate, security.
Bilateral – Stronger ties with France, Germany, Italy, Nordics, Eastern Europe.
4. Trade and Economic Growth
EU’s FDI in India rose 70% (2015–2022); France’s alone by 373%.
EU imports from India doubled in 3 years.
EU’s FDI in India rose 70% (2015–2022); France’s alone by 373%.
EU imports from India doubled in 3 years.
Next Steps:
Speed up India-EU trade deals.
Ensure climate measures like Carbon Tax are fair to India.
IMEC corridor can link trade and innovation from India to Europe.
5. Technology and Innovation Partnership
Both see digital tools as public goods, not Big Tech monopoly.
India strong in software, platforms; Europe in deep tech, semiconductors.
Both see digital tools as public goods, not Big Tech monopoly.
India strong in software, platforms; Europe in deep tech, semiconductors.
Focus Areas:
AI, biotech, green energy, ocean sustainability, food and health security.
A student/scientist mobility agreement can benefit both sides.
6. Defence and Security
Europe is a key arms supplier to India.
Both want self-reliance (Atmanirbhar Bharat, ReArm 2025).
Europe is a key arms supplier to India.
Both want self-reliance (Atmanirbhar Bharat, ReArm 2025).
Shared Interests:
Joint work in cyber, space, maritime, counter-terrorism.
Europe must act firmly on Pakistan's support to extremism.
7. Global Role as Middle Powers
India and Europe promote a rules-based world order through cooperation.
Joint leadership in UN, WTO, Quad, AI governance.
They reject power blocs and support the Global South.
India and Europe promote a rules-based world order through cooperation.
Joint leadership in UN, WTO, Quad, AI governance.
They reject power blocs and support the Global South.
8. Shifting Perceptions
Public views and media must match strategic efforts.
Europe must see India as active; India must understand Europe’s changes.
Public views and media must match strategic efforts.
Europe must see India as active; India must understand Europe’s changes.
Recent Steps:
Raisina Dialogue in Marseille (June 2025).
EC President's visit to Delhi (Feb 2025).
India engaging in Nordic and Mediterranean diplomacy.
9. Common Vision for the Future
Recent history shows instability; future needs shared commitment.
India-Europe must move from convenient ties to a values-based partnership.
Their cooperation can support a more fair and stable world.
Recent history shows instability; future needs shared commitment.
India-Europe must move from convenient ties to a values-based partnership.
Their cooperation can support a more fair and stable world.
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